PHP Operators - Ebhor.com

Operators are used to perform some actions on variables and values. There are 7 types of operators.

1.PHP Arithmetic Operators

This operator is used with numerical values so that one can get value of a particular value.

Arithmetic operators are +, – , * , / , % , **(power)

Syntax:
Addition- $a + $b
Subtraction- $a – $b
Multiplication- $a * $b
Division- $a / $b
Modulus- $a % $b
Exponentiation- $a ** $b

Example: Use of PHP addition(+), subtraction(-), multiplication (*), division (/), modulo (%) and power(**) operators.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Arithmetic Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 15;
$b = 3;
$sum = $a + $b;
$sub = $a - $b;
$mul = $a * $b;
$div = $a / $b;
$mod = $a % $b;
$pow = $a ** $b;
echo 'sum = ' . $sum . '<br/>';
echo 'sub = ' . $sub . '<br/>';
echo 'mul = ' . $mul . '<br/>';
echo 'div = ' . $div . '<br/>';
echo 'mod = ' . $mod . '<br/>';
echo 'pow = ' . $pow . '<br/>';
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Arithmetic Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 15;

$b = 3;

$sum = $a + $b;

$sub = $a - $b;

$mul = $a * $b;

$div = $a / $b;

$mod = $a % $b;

$pow = $a ** $b;

echo 'sum = ' . $sum . ' ';

echo 'sub = ' . $sub . ' ';

echo 'mul = ' . $mul . ' ';

echo 'div = ' . $div . ' ';

echo 'mod = ' . $mod . ' ';

echo 'pow = ' . $pow . ' ';

</body>

</html>

2. PHP Assignment Operators

It is used with numerical values when some need to write the value of a particular variable.

Assignment operators are =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=

Syntax:

a = b a = b Left operand shifts to right operand
a += b a = a + b Addition
a -= b a = a – b Subtraction
a *= b a = a * b Multiplication
a /= b a = a / b Division
a %= b a = a % b Modulus

Example: Use of PHP Assignment Operators (=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Assignment Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 2;
$b = 3;
$c = 4;
$d = 5;
$e = 2;
$f = 4;
$g = 5;
$h = 4;
$c += $a; //or $c=$c + $a;
$d -= $a; //or $d=$d - $a;
$e *= $a; //or $e=$e * $a;
$f /= $a; //or $f=$f + $a;
$g %= $a; //or $g=$g % $a;
$h **= $a; //or $h=$h ** $a;
$i = $a;

echo 'c = ' . $c . '<br/>';
echo 'd = ' . $d . '<br/>';
echo 'e = ' . $e . '<br/>';
echo 'f = ' . $f . '<br/>';
echo 'g = ' . $g . '<br/>';
echo 'h = ' . $h . '<br/>';
echo 'i = ' . $i . '<br/>';
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Assignment Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 2;

$b = 3;

$c = 4;

$d = 5;

$e = 2;

$f = 4;

$g = 5;

$h = 4;

$c += $a; //or $c=$c + $a;

$d -= $a; //or $d=$d - $a;

$e *= $a; //or $e=$e * $a;

$f /= $a; //or $f=$f + $a;

$g %= $a; //or $g=$g % $a;

$h **= $a; //or $h=$h ** $a;

$i = $a;

echo 'c = ' . $c . ' ';

echo 'd = ' . $d . ' ';

echo 'e = ' . $e . ' ';

echo 'f = ' . $f . ' ';

echo 'g = ' . $g . ' ';

echo 'h = ' . $h . ' ';

echo 'i = ' . $i . ' ';

</body>

</html>

3. PHP Comparison Operators

== Equal
=== Identical
!= Not equal
<> Not equal
!== Not identical
> Greater than
< Less than >= Greater than or equal to
<= Less than or equal to

Example: Use of PHP equal (==) and (===) Identical operators.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Comparison Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 2;
$b = 2;
$c = "2";

if ($a == $b) {
echo "Both are equal<br/>";
}
if ($a == $c) {
echo "Both are equal<br/>";
}
if ($a === $c) {
echo "Both are identical<br/>";
}
else{
echo "Both are not identical";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Comparison Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 2;

$b = 2;

$c = "2";

if ($a == $b) {

echo "Both are equal ";

}

if ($a == $c) {

echo "Both are equal ";

}

if ($a === $c) {

echo "Both are identical ";

}

else{

echo "Both are not identical";

}

</body>

</html>

Both are equal
Both are equal
Both are not identical

Both are equal

Both are not identical

Example: Use of PHP (!=) Not equal and (<>) Not equal and (!==) Not identical operators.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Comparison Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 2;
$b = 3;
$c = "3";
$d = "2";

if ($a != $b) {
echo "Both are not equal<br/>";
}
if ($a <> $c) {
echo "Both are not equal<br/>";
}
if ($a !== $d) {
echo "Both are not identical<br/>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Comparison Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 2;

$b = 3;

$c = "3";

$d = "2";

if ($a != $b) {

echo "Both are not equal ";

}

if ($a <> $c) {

echo "Both are not equal ";

}

if ($a !== $d) {

echo "Both are not identical ";

}

</body>

</html>

Both are not equal
Both are not equal
Both are not identical

Both are not equal

Both are not identical

Example: Use of PHP (>) Greater than, (<) Less than (>=) Greater than or equal to (<=) Less than or equal to operators.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Comparison Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 3;
$b = 2;
$c = 3;
$d = 4;
$e = 4;

if ($a > $b) {
echo "a is greater then b<br/>";
}
if ($a >= $c) {
echo "a is greater then or equals to c<br/>";
}
if ($a < $d) {
echo "a is less then d<br/>";
}
if ($e <= $d) {
echo "a is less then or equals to d<br/>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Comparison Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 3;

$b = 2;

$c = 3;

$d = 4;

$e = 4;

if ($a > $b) {

echo "a is greater then b ";

}

if ($a >= $c) {

echo "a is greater then or equals to c ";

}

if ($a < $d) {

echo "a is less then d ";

}

if ($e <= $d) {

echo "a is less then or equals to d ";

}

</body>

</html>

a is greater then b<br>a is greater then or equals to c<br>a is less then d<br>a is less then or equals to d

1	a is greater then b<br>a is greater then or equals to c<br>a is less then d<br>a is less then or equals to d

4. PHP Increment or Decrement Operator

Increment decrement operators are ++ and –.

++$x Pre-increment
$x++ Post-increment
–$x Pre-decrement
$x– Post-decrement

Example: Use of PHP (++) pre-increment , post increment , (–) pre decrement and post decrement operators.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Assignment Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 2;
$b = 3;
$c = 4;
$d = 5;
echo 'a = ' . ++$a . '<br/>';
echo 'b = ' . --$b . '<br/>';
echo 'c = ' . $c++ . '<br/>';
echo 'd = ' . $d-- . '<br/>';
echo 'c = ' . $c . '<br/>';
echo 'd = ' . $d . '<br/>';
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Assignment Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 2;

$b = 3;

$c = 4;

$d = 5;

echo 'a = ' . ++$a . ' ';

echo 'b = ' . --$b . ' ';

echo 'c = ' . $c++ . ' ';

echo 'd = ' . $d-- . ' ';

echo 'c = ' . $c . ' ';

echo 'd = ' . $d . ' ';

</body>

</html>

a = 3
b = 2
c = 4
d = 5
c = 5
d = 4

a = 3

b = 2

c = 4

d = 5

c = 5

d = 4

5. PHP Logical Operators

and, or ,xor, &&, ||, ! are logical operators in PHP

And $x and $y
Or $x or $y
Xor $x xor $y
And $x && $y
Or $x || $y
Not !$x

Example: Use of PHP (and , &&) and operator.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 120;
$b = 120;
if ($a > 100 and $b > 100) {
echo "Both Numbers are greater than 100<br/>";
}
//insted of and we can use &&
if ($a > 100 && $b > 100) {
echo "Both Numbers are greater than 100";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 120;

$b = 120;

if ($a > 100 and $b > 100) {

echo "Both Numbers are greater than 100 ";

}

//insted of and we can use &&

if ($a > 100 && $b > 100) {

echo "Both Numbers are greater than 100";

}

</body>

</html>

Result

Both Numbers are greater than 100<br>Both Numbers are greater than 100

1	Both Numbers are greater than 100<br>Both Numbers are greater than 100

Example: Use of PHP (or , ||) and operator.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 120;
$b = 50;
if ($a > 100 or $b > 100) {
echo "Either or both Numbers are greater than 100<br/>";
}
//insted of and we can use &&
if ($a > 100 || $b > 100) {
echo "Either or both Numbers are greater than 100";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 120;

$b = 50;

if ($a > 100 or $b > 100) {

echo "Either or both Numbers are greater than 100 ";

}

//insted of and we can use &&

if ($a > 100 || $b > 100) {

echo "Either or both Numbers are greater than 100";

}

</body>

</html>

Either or both Numbers are greater than 100
Either or both Numbers are greater than 100

1 2	Either or both Numbers are greater than 100 Either or both Numbers are greater than 100

Example: Use of PHP (!) not and (xor) xor operator.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 120;
$b = 50;
if ($a !== 100) {
echo "A is not Equals to 100 <br/>";
}
//work when one is true bu not both
if ($a > 100 xor $b > 100) {
echo "Hello xor";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = 120;

$b = 50;

if ($a !== 100) {

echo "A is not Equals to 100 ";

}

//work when one is true bu not both

if ($a > 100 xor $b > 100) {

echo "Hello xor";

}

</body>

</html>

A is not Equals to 100<br>Hello xor

1	A is not Equals to 100<br>Hello xor

6. PHP String Operators

. Concatenation $txt1 . $txt2
.= Concatenation assignment $txt1 .= $txt2

Example: Use of PHP (.) Concatenation and and (.=) Concatenation assignment operator.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$str1 = "Hello ";
$str2 = "PHP ";
$str3 = "Learners";
$str4 = $str1 . $str2;
$str4 .= $str3;
echo $str4;
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Logical Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$str1 = "Hello ";

$str2 = "PHP ";

$str3 = "Learners";

$str4 = $str1 . $str2;

$str4 .= $str3;

echo $str4;

</body>

</html>

Hello PHP Learners

1	Hello PHP Learners

7. PHP Array Operators

It is used to compare arrays with each other

+ Union $x + $y
== Equality $x == $y
=== Identity $x === $y
!= Inequality $x != $y
<> Inequality $x <> $y
!== Non-identity $x !== $y

Example: Use of PHP array (+) union operator

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Array Operators in PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a = array('0'=>1,'1'=> 2,'2'=> 3,'3'=> 4, '4'=>5);
$b = array('5'=>6,'6'=> 7,'7'=> 8,'8'=> 9, '9'=>10);
print_r($a + $b);
?>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Array Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php

$a = array('0'=>1,'1'=> 2,'2'=> 3,'3'=> 4, '4'=>5);

$b = array('5'=>6,'6'=> 7,'7'=> 8,'8'=> 9, '9'=>10);

print_r($a + $b);

</body>

</html>

Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => 5 [5] => 6 [6] => 7 [7] => 8 [8] => 9 [9] => 10 )

Example: Use of PHP array (==) Equality (===) Identity , (!=) Inequality (<>), Inequality and (!==) Non-identity and php (=>) operators.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Array Operators in PHP</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <?php>

        $a = array('0' => 1, '1' => 2, '2' => 3, '3' => 4, '4' => 5);
        $b = array('5' => 6, '6' => 7, '7' => 8, '8' => 9, '9' => 10);
        $c = array('0' => 1, '1' => 2, '2' => 3, '3' => 4, '4' => 5);
        $d = array('0' => '1', '1' => '2', '2' => '3', '3' => '4', '4' => '5');

        echo '1 var_dump($a == $b) ';
        var_dump($a == $b);
        echo '<br/>';

        echo '2 var_dump($a != $b) ';
        var_dump($a != $b);
        echo '<br/>';

        echo '3 var_dump($a <> $b) ';
        var_dump($a <> $b);
        echo '<br/>';

        echo '4 var_dump($a == $c) ';
        var_dump($a == $c);
        echo '<br/>';

        echo '5 var_dump($a == $d) ';
        var_dump($a == $d);
        echo '<br/>';

        echo '6 var_dump($a === $d) ';
        var_dump($a === $d);
        echo '<br/>';

        echo '7 var_dump($a === $c) ';
        var_dump($a === $c);
        echo '<br/>';
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Array Operators in PHP</title>

</head>

<body>

<?php>

$a = array('0' => 1, '1' => 2, '2' => 3, '3' => 4, '4' => 5);

$b = array('5' => 6, '6' => 7, '7' => 8, '8' => 9, '9' => 10);

$c = array('0' => 1, '1' => 2, '2' => 3, '3' => 4, '4' => 5);

$d = array('0' => '1', '1' => '2', '2' => '3', '3' => '4', '4' => '5');

echo '1 var_dump($a == $b) ';

var_dump($a == $b);

echo ' ';

echo '2 var_dump($a != $b) ';

var_dump($a != $b);

echo ' ';

echo '3 var_dump($a <> $b) ';

var_dump($a <> $b);

echo ' ';

echo '4 var_dump($a == $c) ';

var_dump($a == $c);

echo ' ';

echo '5 var_dump($a == $d) ';

var_dump($a == $d);

echo ' ';

echo '6 var_dump($a === $d) ';

var_dump($a === $d);

echo ' ';

echo '7 var_dump($a === $c) ';

var_dump($a === $c);

echo ' ';

</body>

</html>

Output

1 var_dump($a == $b) bool(false)
2 var_dump($a != $b) bool(true)
3 var_dump($a <> $b) bool(true)
4 var_dump($a == $c) bool(true)
5 var_dump($a == $d) bool(true)
6 var_dump($a === $d) bool(false)
7 var_dump($a === $c) bool(true)

1 var_dump($a == $b) bool(false)

2 var_dump($a != $b) bool(true)

3 var_dump($a <> $b) bool(true)

4 var_dump($a == $c) bool(true)

5 var_dump($a == $d) bool(true)

6 var_dump($a === $d) bool(false)

7 var_dump($a === $c) bool(true)